Staying Safe in the Heat: Recognizing and Preventing Heat-Related Illness

As summer temperatures rise, so does the risk of heat-related illness—especially during outdoor activities. Whether you're heading to a backyard barbecue, taking a walk, or simply sitting outside, it's important to understand how to protect yourself and others from the effects of extreme heat

Hydration is Key

Dehydration is one of the earliest and most preventable contributors to heat illness.

• Drink plenty of fluids, even if you're not thirsty. Aim for water, not sugary or alcoholic beverages, which can contribute to fluid loss.
• During prolonged outdoor activities, electrolyte-replenishing beverages may be helpful, especially if you're sweating heavily.‍
• Avoid drinks with caffeine, which can act as a diuretic.

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Recognize the Signs of Heat-Related Illness

Heat-related illnesses can range from mild to life-threatening. Know what to watch for:

• Heat exhaustion may cause heavy sweating, weakness, cold or clammy skin, nausea, and dizziness.
• Heat stroke is a medical emergency. Symptoms include a body temperature over 103°F, confusion, rapid pulse, and loss of consciousness. Immediate cooling and emergency care are critical.

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At-Risk Populations: Seniors and Young Children

Older adults and infants/young children are particularly vulnerable to heat. Their bodies are less efficient at regulating temperature and may not recognize the need to hydrate.

• Elderly individuals may take medications (like diuretics or blood pressure meds) that increase heat sensitivity. They may also have chronic conditions that impair temperature regulation.‍
• Infants and toddlers should never be left in parked vehicles and must be dressed in lightweight, breathable clothing. Offer fluids frequently and avoid outdoor activities during peak heat hours (typically 10 AM–4 PM).

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Car Safety: Never Leave Anyone Behind

Heat-related deaths in parked cars remain a tragic and preventable issue. Temperatures inside a vehicle can rise by over 20°F in just 10 minutes, even with windows cracked.

• ‍Never leave children, older adults, or pets in a parked car, not even for a few minutes.
• Always check the back seat before exiting your vehicle.
• Place a reminder item (like your phone or wallet) in the backseat to ensure you look before locking the door.

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Outdoor Safety Tips

• ‍Plan outdoor activities during cooler times of the day.
• Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing and apply broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher).
• Take frequent breaks in the shade or indoors with air conditioning.
• Monitor your physical exertion, especially if you're not acclimated to the heat or are engaging in strenuous activity.

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When to Seek Medical Attention

If you or someone else shows signs of heat stroke—high body temperature, altered mental status, or unconsciousness—call 911 immediately and begin cooling the person with ice packs, wet cloths, or a cool bath while waiting for help.

Preventing heat-related illness is entirely possible with the right precautions. Keep yourself and loved ones safe by staying hydrated, staying cool, and staying informed—especially during these hot summer months.